Headaches & Migraines

Understanding headaches and migraines

Headaches and migraines are among the most common neurological conditions and can range from occasional discomfort to persistent symptoms that significantly impact work, sleep, exercise, and quality of life.

Although pain is experienced in the head, headaches and migraines are often influenced by a combination of mechanical, neurological, vascular, and lifestyle factors. Understanding which systems are contributing is an important part of developing an effective management plan.

The goal of assessment is not only to identify the type of headache, but to understand why it is occurring and what may be contributing to its persistence.

Why do headaches develop?

There is rarely a single explanation for headaches or migraines. Instead, symptoms often develop from the interaction of multiple contributing factors.

Depending on the individual, these may include:

  • Dysfunction of the neck, particularly the upper cervical spine

  • Jaw (TMJ) dysfunction or clenching

  • Upper back and rib restriction

  • Previous head or neck injuries

  • Sacral and pelvic dysfunction

  • Poor sleep or recovery

  • Stress and increased nervous system sensitivity

  • Hormonal influences

  • Visual strain or prolonged screen use

  • Changes in workload, physical activity, or routine

For many people, it is the combination of these factors, not one isolated issue that maintains the headache pattern.

What does assessment involve?

A detailed assessment helps determine which systems may be contributing to your presentation.

This may include assessing:

  • Neck and upper back movement

  • Jaw function where relevant

  • Muscle tension and connective tissue mobility

  • Cranial and cervical mechanics

  • Posture and movement patterns

  • Previous injuries and medical history

  • Lifestyle factors such as sleep, stress, work demands, and physical activity

Where appropriate, recommendations may also be made for further medical investigation if symptoms are not consistent with a musculoskeletal headache presentation.

Our approach

Treatment is guided by the findings of your assessment rather than a predetermined technique.

Where appropriate, care may incorporate structural, cranial, and biodynamic osteopathic approaches to improve movement, reduce mechanical strain, and support the body's natural ability to adapt and recover. Management also includes identifying and addressing the factors that may be continuing to drive your symptoms, with the aim of achieving meaningful and lasting improvement.

When should you seek assessment?

You may benefit from assessment if you experience:

  • Frequent or recurring headaches

  • Migraines affecting work or daily activities

  • Headaches associated with neck pain or stiffness

  • Symptoms that are becoming more frequent or intense

  • Ongoing headaches that have not responded to previous treatment

If you experience a sudden, severe headache unlike anything you have experienced before, or a headache associated with symptoms such as confusion, weakness, difficulty speaking, loss of consciousness, fever, or significant visual changes, seek urgent medical assessment.

Our goal

Our goal is to understand all of the factors contributing to your headaches, improve how the relevant systems are functioning, and help reduce the frequency, intensity, and impact of symptoms over time.

Related Conditions We Treat

Headaches are often associated with neck stiffness, jaw tension or persistent pain. You may also find these pages helpful:

Book an appointment

Whether your headaches are occasional or have been affecting you for years, a detailed osteopathic assessment can help identify the factors contributing to your presentation and guide an individualised management plan.